Exodus -- The Passover Lamb
Notes
Transcript
Handout
7 But the people of Israel were fruitful and increased greatly; they multiplied and grew exceedingly strong, so that the land was filled with them.
8 Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.
Exodus Overview
Exodus Overview
Exodus (Greek): to exit, depart, going out
DATE: 1446BC
1 In the four hundred and eightieth year after the people of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, which is the second month, he began to build the house of the Lord.
We know that Solomon reigned from 970BC-930BC, so the 4th year of his reign would be 966BC +480 years = 1446BC
Chapter 1 — ~320 years
Chapter 2 — 40 years
Chapters 3-40 — 1 year
AUTHOR: Moses
AUDIENCE: The Israelites wandering in the wilderness
MAIN CHARACTERS:
God
Moses
Aaron
Pharaoh
Israelites
In Exodus we see a family of some 70 people grow into a nation of some 2-3 million people
MAIN EVENTS:
Birth of Moses and the violence surrounding that
Calling of Moses after tending sheep for 40 years
Ten Plagues
The Passover
The Exodus (this includes the crossing the Red Sea)
Grumbling of Israelites in Wilderness and the Provisions of God
Water from a rock twice and manna daily
The Giving of the Law
The Ten Commandments
Establishing the Tabernacle
God’s dwelling place among the Israelites
LOCATIONS: Egypt and Mt. Sinai
COVENANTS: The Mosaic Covenant
The Mosaic covenant was conditional on the basis of obedience to God
5 Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine; 6 and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you shall speak to the people of Israel.”
7 So Moses came and called the elders of the people and set before them all these words that the Lord had commanded him. 8 All the people answered together and said, “All that the Lord has spoken we will do.” And Moses reported the words of the people to the Lord.
In Genesis we had the Abrahamic covenant, which was God choosing Abraham and promising him that his offspring would be great and that all nations would be blessed through him. This new covenant with the people of Israel didn’t nullify the Abrahamic covenant, but instead it came alongside it.
17 This is what I mean: the law, which came 430 years afterward, does not annul a covenant previously ratified by God, so as to make the promise void. 18 For if the inheritance comes by the law, it no longer comes by promise; but God gave it to Abraham by a promise.
19 Why then the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the offspring should come to whom the promise had been made, and it was put in place through angels by an intermediary.
This new covenant showed the people of God how to live their lives until the seed of Abraham would come and make the complete perfect sacrifice. There was never the intention of this new covenant saving people, but rather, this covenant showed that they cannot do what God wants for them to do even if He were to write it down exactly for them.
7 What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. For I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.” 8 But sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of covetousness. For apart from the law, sin lies dead. 9 I was once alive apart from the law, but when the commandment came, sin came alive and I died. 10 The very commandment that promised life proved to be death to me.
MAIN THEME: Redemption — this is revealed that it is only possible through death.
In Egypt, we see the representation of the world. In the bondage, we see the representation of our bondage to sin.
The Israelite journey compared to the Christian journey — 1 Corinthians 10:1-11
The Egyptian bondage — our bondage to sin
Moses as deliverer — Jesus as our deliverer
The Exodus — Christians exiting out of their sinful life
The Passover Lamb — Jesus being our Lamb of God
Pharaoh pursues Israel — Evil forces pursuing believers
The red sea — God removing our hindrances
Pillar of cloud and fire — God’s divine presence with believers
Moses song — songs of spiritual victory
Mixed multitude — all the different people in the church
Marah & Elim (Exodus 15:23-27) — the bitter and sweet experiences of the Christian life
Pots of meal (Exodus 16:3)— sensual pleasures of the old life
Manna — Jesus is the bread of life
Water from a rock — Jesus is the living water (1 Corinthians 10:4)
Upholding Moses’ hands — the need for other’s to help us out in difficult times and in leadership
The Tabernacle — Christ and the church
OUTLINE OF THE BOOK:
Chapters 1-18
The Redemption of Israel — From external bondage and trying to get Israel out of Egypt
Written in narrative form
Chapters 19-40
The revelation from God — From internal bondage and trying to get the ways of Egypt out of Israel
Written in more of a legislative form
Moses receives God’s moral, civil, and ceremonial laws, as well as the pattern for the tabernacle
TYPOLOGIES:
Moses
15 “The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your brothers—it is to him you shall listen—
Both are prophets, kings, and priests (Moses was never king, but functioned as the ruler of Israel)
Both are kinsman-redeemers
Both are endangered in infancy
Both voluntarily renounce power and wealth
Both are deliverers, lawgivers, and mediators
The Seven Feasts
Each feast portrays some aspect of the ministry of Christ — Leviticus emphasizes these feasts more in detail
The Exodus
Paul relates baptism to the Exodus because baptism symbolizes death to the old and identification with the new
The Manna & Water
Both are applied to Christ in the New Testament
31 Our fathers ate the manna in the wilderness; as it is written, ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’ ” 32 Jesus then said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, it was not Moses who gave you the bread from heaven, but my Father gives you the true bread from heaven. 33 For the bread of God is he who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.” 34 They said to him, “Sir, give us this bread always.”
35 Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life; whoever comes to me shall not hunger, and whoever believes in me shall never thirst.
3 and all ate the same spiritual food, 4 and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.
3 Tell all the congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month every man shall take a lamb according to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household.
5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male a year old. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats, 6 and you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill their lambs at twilight.
7 “Then they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses in which they eat it.
12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the Lord. 13 The blood shall be a sign for you, on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Egypt.
The Passover Lamb
29 The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!
7 Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.
17 Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away; behold, the new has come. 18 All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the ministry of reconciliation;
21 For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
1 And you were dead in the trespasses and sins 2 in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience— 3 among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind. 4 But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, 5 even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—
5 And one of the elders said to me, “Weep no more; behold, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has conquered, so that he can open the scroll and its seven seals.”
6 And between the throne and the four living creatures and among the elders I saw a Lamb standing, as though it had been slain, with seven horns and with seven eyes, which are the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth.
8 And when he had taken the scroll, the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down before the Lamb, each holding a harp, and golden bowls full of incense, which are the prayers of the saints. 9 And they sang a new song, saying,
“Worthy are you to take the scroll
and to open its seals,
for you were slain, and by your blood you ransomed people for God
from every tribe and language and people and nation,
10 and you have made them a kingdom and priests to our God,
and they shall reign on the earth.”
The Tabernacle
8 And let them make me a sanctuary, that I may dwell in their midst.
It wasn’t about who was in the house, it was the covering of the blood over the house. It’s not about who you are, it’s about Who’s blood covers your life.
It wasn’t about who was in the house, it was the covering of the blood over the house. It’s not about who you are, it’s about Who’s blood covers your life.
1 Now even the first covenant had regulations for worship and an earthly place of holiness. 2 For a tent was prepared, the first section, in which were the lampstand and the table and the bread of the Presence. It is called the Holy Place. 3 Behind the second curtain was a second section called the Most Holy Place,
6 These preparations having thus been made, the priests go regularly into the first section, performing their ritual duties, 7 but into the second only the high priest goes, and he but once a year, and not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the unintentional sins of the people.
9 (which is symbolic for the present age). According to this arrangement, gifts and sacrifices are offered that cannot perfect the conscience of the worshiper, 10 but deal only with food and drink and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until the time of reformation.
11 But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of this creation) 12 he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, 14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.
24 For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
19 Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, 20 by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, 21 and since we have a great priest over the house of God, 22 let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.
22 In him you also are being built together into a dwelling place for God by the Spirit.
24 and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, “This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” 25 In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”
29 The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!
8 For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, 9 not a result of works, so that no one may boast.
16 Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.
19 Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, 20 by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, 21 and since we have a great priest over the house of God, 22 let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.