Ha'azinu - Give Ear (הַאֲזִינוּ) - Yom Kippur (יום-כפור)- (Sept 23, 2023)
Notes
Transcript
Isaiah 30:8-29
Deuteronomy 32:1-43
We continue to study the Fall Feasts
This in combination of Devarim/ Deuteronomy
Today is not going to be different - we continue with the same content
I have removed the review for this Biblical presentation today because of the amount of scriptures we are going to cover
Introduction
Introduction
Isaiah 30:8-29
Deuteronomy 32:1-43
Road Map
We will speak about the transition from Trumpets to Atonement
Or the celebration of the Song of Moses and Yom Kippur - Atonement
We will introduce Ha’azinu - Give Ear
then we will use Isaiah the prophet to lead us into the connection between Give Ear and Atonement
First we will give general information of Ha’azinu
Then we will focus on Isaiah
Then we will close with the Song of Moses.
Rosh HaShanah
ראש - השנה
Rosh Hashanah is the birthday of the universe, the day God created Adam and Eve, and it’s celebrated as the head of the Jewish year.
It is the day on which human beings are called to account for their behavior in the previous year. God weighs their rights and wrongs and, in a dramatic image fleshed out in the haunting Unetaneh Tokef prayer, inscribes deserving people in the Sefer Chaim, the Book of Life, for the coming year.
For this reason, Rosh Hashanah is also known as Yom Hadin ( יוֹם הַדִּין ), “the Day of Judgment.”
It is also called Yom Hazikaron ( יוֹם הַזִּכָּרוֹן ), the “Day of Remembrance” because Jews pray that God will remember them in the coming year (not to be confused with the modern Israeli Memorial Day which goes by the same name).
In the Hebrew Bible, Rosh Hashanah is called Yom Teruah, ( יוֹם תְּרוּעָה ) the “day of blasting” because it is the day when Jews blow the shofar, a ram’s horn that has been rendered into a trumpet.
Blowing of Trumpets
Hayom Harat Olam (ַַהיום - הרת - עולם) “the day the world was conceived.”
Ten days from Rosh HaShanah, we will celebrate Yom Kippur, The Day of Atonement - also referred to as Yom Hakippurim - day of atonements.
Traditionally, Jews have the ten days between Rosh Hashanah, the day on which God judges the world, and Yom Kippur, the day on which those judgments are sealed, to do teshuva, repentance, and atone for their wrong-doings.
These ten days are collectively known as the Yamim Nora’im, “Days of Awe.” Yom Kippur is an especially solemn day, considered even a rehearsal for one’s own death.
Traditionally we wear all white to show the righteousness of God covering us - white / pure
It is also a day that is extra sacred, even more so than the holy Sabbath.
For this reason, it is called Shabbat Shabbaton, “Sabbath of Sabbaths.”
The Song of Moses contains only 43 verses.
We read regularly the entire chapter in the Torah Portion, but the song contains only 43 verses.
However, the song Moses taught the Jews on the last day of his life spans all of Jewish history
From the very beginning when “He found them in a desert land,”
all the way to the future redemption when the nations will praise God, “For He will... appease His land [and] His people.”
1 “Give ear, O heavens, and I will speak; And hear, O earth, the words of my mouth.
Give Ear
Ha’azinu - from heavens (ha shamayim)
26 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
27 “Also the tenth day of this seventh month shall be the Day of Atonement. It shall be a holy convocation for you; you shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire to the Lord.
28 And you shall do no work on that same day, for it is the Day of Atonement, to make atonement for you before the Lord your God.
29 For any person who is not afflicted in soul on that same day shall be cut off from his people.
30 And any person who does any work on that same day, that person I will destroy from among his people.
31 You shall do no manner of work; it shall be a statute forever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
32 It shall be to you a sabbath of solemn rest, and you shall afflict your souls; on the ninth day of the month at evening, from evening to evening, you shall celebrate your sabbath.”
Biblical PRESENTATION
8 Now go, write it before them on a tablet, And note it on a scroll, That it may be for time to come, Forever and ever:
9 That this is a rebellious people, Lying children, Children who will not hear the law of the Lord;
10 Who say to the seers, “Do not see,” And to the prophets, “Do not prophesy to us right things; Speak to us smooth things, prophesy deceits.
11 Get out of the way, Turn aside from the path, Cause the Holy One of Israel To cease from before us.”
12 Therefore thus says the Holy One of Israel: “Because you despise this word, And trust in oppression and perversity, And rely on them,
13 Therefore this iniquity shall be to you Like a breach ready to fall, A bulge in a high wall, Whose breaking comes suddenly, in an instant.
14 And He shall break it like the breaking of the potter’s vessel, Which is broken in pieces; He shall not spare. So there shall not be found among its fragments A shard to take fire from the hearth, Or to take water from the cistern.”
15 For thus says the Lord God, the Holy One of Israel: “In returning and rest you shall be saved; In quietness and confidence shall be your strength.” But you would not,
16 And you said, “No, for we will flee on horses”— Therefore you shall flee! And, “We will ride on swift horses”— Therefore those who pursue you shall be swift!
18 Therefore the Lord will wait, that He may be gracious to you; And therefore He will be exalted, that He may have mercy on you. For the Lord is a God of justice; Blessed are all those who wait for Him.
19 For the people shall dwell in Zion at Jerusalem; You shall weep no more. He will be very gracious to you at the sound of your cry; When He hears it, He will answer you.
When He hears (shema - he has descended to earth to hear)
He will answer you (anah = respond, afflict you, humble you)
20 And though the Lord gives you The bread of adversity and the water of affliction, Yet your teachers will not be moved into a corner anymore, But your eyes shall see your teachers.
And your teacher (moreh H4175 = teacher/ autumn rain) will not be moved (kanap = hidden) anymore
6 As they pass through the Valley of Baca, They make it a spring; The rain also covers it with pools.
The appearance of the teacher/ autumn rain
21 Your ears shall hear a word behind you, saying, “This is the way, walk in it,” Whenever you turn to the right hand Or whenever you turn to the left.
Your ears shall hear (shema= down on the earth- ha arets) a word (debar) behind you saying (le mor) this is the way, walk in it.
22 You will also defile the covering of your images of silver, And the ornament of your molded images of gold. You will throw them away as an unclean thing; You will say to them, “Get away!”
23 Then He will give the rain for your seed With which you sow the ground, And bread of the increase of the earth; It will be fat and plentiful. In that day your cattle will feed In large pastures.
Fall rain - on the seed = zara (like the seed of Abraham)
24 Likewise the oxen and the young donkeys that work the ground Will eat cured fodder, Which has been winnowed with the shovel and fan.
25 There will be on every high mountain And on every high hill Rivers and streams of waters, In the day of the great slaughter, When the towers fall.
26 Moreover the light of the moon will be as the light of the sun, And the light of the sun will be sevenfold, As the light of seven days, In the day that the Lord binds up the bruise of His people And heals the stroke of their wound.
27 Behold, the name of the Lord comes from afar, Burning with His anger, And His burden is heavy; His lips are full of indignation, And His tongue like a devouring fire.
28 His breath is like an overflowing stream, Which reaches up to the neck, To sift the nations with the sieve of futility; And there shall be a bridle in the jaws of the people, Causing them to err.
29 You shall have a song As in the night when a holy festival is kept, And gladness of heart as when one goes with a flute, To come into the mountain of the Lord, To the Mighty One of Israel.
The Song of Moses
(Deuteronomy 32:1-43)
Five Parts:
1- Introduction
2-The Goodness and Kindness of Adonai
3- Prophecy Israel’s sin
4- Punishment for Israel’s sin
5- See Justice and Mercy
Close with
6 – Comfort for Israel
1- INTRODUCTION OF THE SONG
1 “Give ear, O heavens, and I will speak; And hear, O earth, the words of my mouth.
Give Ear
Ha’azinu
2 Let my teaching drop as the rain, My speech distill as the dew, As raindrops on the tender herb, And as showers on the grass.
3 For I proclaim the name of the Lord: Ascribe greatness to our God.
10 “Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: ‘When you come into the land which I give to you, and reap its harvest, then you shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest to the priest.
3 For I proclaim the name of the Lord: Ascribe greatness to our God.
4 He is the Rock, His work is perfect; For all His ways are justice, A God of truth and without injustice; Righteous and upright is He.
9 Therefore we make it our aim, whether present or absent, to be well pleasing to Him.
10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive the things done in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad.
11 Knowing, therefore, the terror of the Lord, we persuade men; but we are well known to God, and I also trust are well known in your consciences.
5 “They have corrupted themselves; They are not His children, Because of their blemish: A perverse and crooked generation.
9 Now hear this, You heads of the house of Jacob And rulers of the house of Israel, Who abhor justice And pervert all equity,
2- THE GOODNESS and KINDNESS OF THE LORD
6 Do you thus deal with the Lord, O foolish and unwise people? Is He not your Father, who bought you? Has He not made you and established you?
7 “Remember the days of old, Consider the years of many generations. Ask your father, and he will show you; Your elders, and they will tell you:
12 And Elisha saw it, and he cried out, “My father, my father, the chariot of Israel and its horsemen!” So he saw him no more. And he took hold of his own clothes and tore them into two pieces.
8 When the Most High divided their inheritance to the nations, When He separated the sons of Adam, He set the boundaries of the peoples According to the number of the children of Israel.
9 For the Lord’s portion is His people; Jacob is the place of His inheritance.
10 “He found him in a desert land And in the wasteland, a howling wilderness; He encircled him, He instructed him, He kept him as the apple of His eye.
2 And he said: “The Lord came from Sinai, And dawned on them from Seir; He shone forth from Mount Paran, And He came with ten thousands of saints; From His right hand Came a fiery law for them.
10 “He found him in a desert land And in the wasteland, a howling wilderness; He encircled him, He instructed him, He kept him as the apple of His eye.
2 “Go and cry in the hearing of Jerusalem, saying, ‘Thus says the Lord: “I remember you, The kindness of your youth, The love of your betrothal, When you went after Me in the wilderness, In a land not sown.
10 “He found him in a desert land And in the wasteland, a howling wilderness; He encircled him, He instructed him, He kept him as the apple of His eye.
22 Shall flocks and herds be slaughtered for them, to provide enough for them? Or shall all the fish of the sea be gathered together for them, to provide enough for them?”
10 “He found him in a desert land And in the wasteland, a howling wilderness; He encircled him, He instructed him, He kept him as the apple of His eye.
11 As an eagle stirs up its nest, Hovers over its young, Spreading out its wings, taking them up, Carrying them on its wings,
2 And he said: “The Lord came from Sinai, And dawned on them from Seir; He shone forth from Mount Paran, And He came with ten thousands of saints; From His right hand Came a fiery law for them.
3 God came from Teman, The Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah His glory covered the heavens, And the earth was full of His praise.
11 As an eagle stirs up its nest, Hovers over its young, Spreading out its wings, taking them up, Carrying them on its wings,
4 ‘You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles’ wings and brought you to Myself.
12 So the Lord alone led him, And there was no foreign god with him.
13 “He made him ride in the heights of the earth, That he might eat the produce of the fields; He made him draw honey from the rock, And oil from the flinty rock;
3- PROPHECY ISRAEL WILL SIN
14 Curds from the cattle, and milk of the flock, With fat of lambs; And rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, With the choicest wheat; And you drank wine, the blood of the grapes.
23 ten fatted oxen, twenty oxen from the pastures, and one hundred sheep, besides deer, gazelles, roebucks, and fatted fowl.
14 Curds from the cattle, and milk of the flock, With fat of lambs; And rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, With the choicest wheat; And you drank wine, the blood of the grapes.
4 Who lie on beds of ivory, Stretch out on your couches, Eat lambs from the flock And calves from the midst of the stall;
14 Curds from the cattle, and milk of the flock, With fat of lambs; And rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, With the choicest wheat; And you drank wine, the blood of the grapes.
27 And these governors, each man in his month, provided food for King Solomon and for all who came to King Solomon’s table. There was no lack in their supply.
14 Curds from the cattle, and milk of the flock, With fat of lambs; And rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, With the choicest wheat; And you drank wine, the blood of the grapes.
6 Who drink wine from bowls, And anoint yourselves with the best ointments, But are not grieved for the affliction of Joseph.
15 “But Jeshurun grew fat and kicked; You grew fat, you grew thick, You are obese! Then he forsook God who made him, And scornfully esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
27 “Though he has covered his face with his fatness, And made his waist heavy with fat,
15 “But Jeshurun grew fat and kicked; You grew fat, you grew thick, You are obese! Then he forsook God who made him, And scornfully esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
16 So He brought me into the inner court of the Lord’s house; and there, at the door of the temple of the Lord, between the porch and the altar, were about twenty-five men with their backs toward the temple of the Lord and their faces toward the east, and they were worshiping the sun toward the east.
16 They provoked Him to jealousy with foreign gods; With abominations they provoked Him to anger.
17 They sacrificed to demons, not to God, To gods they did not know, To new gods, new arrivals That your fathers did not fear.
18 Of the Rock who begot you, you are unmindful, And have forgotten the God who fathered you.
4- FUTURE PUNISHMENT
19 “And when the Lord saw it, He spurned them, Because of the provocation of His sons and His daughters.
20 And He said: ‘I will hide My face from them, I will see what their end will be, For they are a perverse generation, Children in whom is no faith.
21 They have provoked Me to jealousy by what is not God; They have moved Me to anger by their foolish idols. But I will provoke them to jealousy by those who are not a nation; I will move them to anger by a foolish nation.
1 The fool has said in his heart, “There is no God.” They are corrupt, They have done abominable works, There is none who does good.
22 For a fire is kindled in My anger, And shall burn to the lowest hell; It shall consume the earth with her increase, And set on fire the foundations of the mountains.
23 ‘I will heap disasters on them; I will spend My arrows on them.
24 They shall be wasted with hunger, Devoured by pestilence and bitter destruction; I will also send against them the teeth of beasts, With the poison of serpents of the dust.
25 The sword shall destroy outside; There shall be terror within For the young man and virgin, The nursing child with the man of gray hairs.
4 Arrows:
1- Hunger to bring to waste
2- Pestilence and bitter destruction - to devour
3- The poison of serpents of the dust, through the teeth of beasts
4- The sword - to destroy even the countryside with terror
5- JUSTICE AND MERCY SEEN
26 I would have said, “I will dash them in pieces, I will make the memory of them to cease from among men,”
22 For the Lord will not forsake His people, for His great name’s sake, because it has pleased the Lord to make you His people.
27 Had I not feared the wrath of the enemy, Lest their adversaries should misunderstand, Lest they should say, “Our hand is high; And it is not the Lord who has done all this.” ’
28 “For they are a nation void of counsel, Nor is there any understanding in them.
34 Then Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they do.” And they divided His garments and cast lots.
17 This I say, therefore, and testify in the Lord, that you should no longer walk as the rest of the Gentiles walk, in the futility of their mind,
18 having their understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart;
29 Oh, that they were wise, that they understood this, That they would consider their latter end!
30 How could one chase a thousand, And two put ten thousand to flight, Unless their Rock had sold them, And the Lord had surrendered them?
31 For their rock is not like our Rock, Even our enemies themselves being judges.
32 For their vine is of the vine of Sodom And of the fields of Gomorrah; Their grapes are grapes of gall, Their clusters are bitter.
17 Though the fig tree may not blossom, Nor fruit be on the vines; Though the labor of the olive may fail, And the fields yield no food; Though the flock may be cut off from the fold, And there be no herd in the stalls—
32 For their vine is of the vine of Sodom And of the fields of Gomorrah; Their grapes are grapes of gall, Their clusters are bitter.
33 Their wine is the poison of serpents, And the cruel venom of cobras.
34 ‘Is this not laid up in store with Me, Sealed up among My treasures?
35 Vengeance is Mine, and recompense; Their foot shall slip in due time; For the day of their calamity is at hand, And the things to come hasten upon them.’
CLOSING
6- COMFORT FOR ISRAEL
36 “For the Lord will judge His people And have compassion on His servants, When He sees that their power is gone, And there is no one remaining, bond or free.
31 For by these He judges the peoples; He gives food in abundance.
36 “For the Lord will judge His people And have compassion on His servants, When He sees that their power is gone, And there is no one remaining, bond or free.
2 “Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: ‘When you come into the land which I give you, then the land shall keep a sabbath to the Lord.
36 “For the Lord will judge His people And have compassion on His servants, When He sees that their power is gone, And there is no one remaining, bond or free.
38 Who ate the fat of their sacrifices, And drank the wine of their drink offering? Let them rise and help you, And be your refuge.
39 ‘Now see that I, even I, am He, And there is no God besides Me; I kill and I make alive; I wound and I heal; Nor is there any who can deliver from My hand.
40 For I raise My hand to heaven, And say, “As I live forever,
28 Say to them, ‘As I live,’ says the Lord, ‘just as you have spoken in My hearing, so I will do to you:
40 For I raise My hand to heaven, And say, “As I live forever,
41 If I whet My glittering sword, And My hand takes hold on judgment, I will render vengeance to My enemies, And repay those who hate Me.
15 I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, That the heart may melt and many may stumble. Ah! It is made bright; It is grasped for slaughter:
41 If I whet My glittering sword, And My hand takes hold on judgment, I will render vengeance to My enemies, And repay those who hate Me.
15 I am exceedingly angry with the nations at ease; For I was a little angry, And they helped—but with evil intent.”
41 If I whet My glittering sword, And My hand takes hold on judgment, I will render vengeance to My enemies, And repay those who hate Me.
42 I will make My arrows drunk with blood, And My sword shall devour flesh, With the blood of the slain and the captives, From the heads of the leaders of the enemy.” ’
43 “Rejoice, O Gentiles, with His people; For He will avenge the blood of His servants, And render vengeance to His adversaries; He will provide atonement for His land and His people.”
19 “Egypt shall be a desolation, And Edom a desolate wilderness, Because of violence against the people of Judah, For they have shed innocent blood in their land.
10 “For violence against your brother Jacob, Shame shall cover you, And you shall be cut off forever.
43 “Rejoice, O Gentiles, with His people; For He will avenge the blood of His servants, And render vengeance to His adversaries; He will provide atonement for His land and His people.”
4105 I. כָּפַר (kā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3722; 1. make atonement, make amends, pardon, release, appease, forgive, i.e., remove the guilt from a wrongdoing for any length of time (Ex 29:36); (nitpael) atoned for (Dt 21:8+); (pual) be atoned for (Ex 29:33; Nu 35:33; Pr 16:6; Isa 6:7; 22:14; 27:9+); (hitp) allow for atonement (1Sa 3:14+); 2. ransom, i.e., pay an amount of money as a gift, with a quid pro quo of so being allowed to keep one’s freedom (Isa 47:11); 3. be annulled, i.e., have a relationship or agreement broken (Isa 28:18); 4. pacify, give a gift, formally, cover the face, i.e., give a gift of tribute which will establish some level of relationship, possibly implying reconciliation (Ge 32:21[EB 20]+)
4106 II. כָּפַר (kā·p̄ǎr): v.; ≡ Str 3722; coat, cover, i.e., tar over something in a covering motion (Ge 6:14+), note: as a coating for a boat
Both in Ha’azinu and Yom Kippur the Lord has promised to forgive us and cover us.
Remember His Torah/ Live the Torah/ Teach the Torah
Shabbat Shalom