Sermon Tone Analysis

Introduction

I was a sophomore in High School.

In history class.

When I recited this to the class, from memory:

241 years ago, our nation’s founding fathers set out on

"When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with one another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect of the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.”

This Tuesday, our nation celebrates its 241st day of independence.

Since its humble beginnings, America has become the pre-eminent nation of the world.

An economic powerhouse.

The only remaining superpower.

A bastion of freedom and democracy.

A nation founded on a dream—the American dream.

That if you work hard, wherever you’re from, whatever race or creed you adhere to, you may come to these lands and live a good life.

We reflect on what the future holds for the United States of America.

As we do, we turn to an obscure book in the Old Testament.

To Amos, the very first writing prophet of the Old Testament.

What can

What more can we ask for?

Why Amos?

Because Amos the oldest prophetic book is surprisingly modern.

What can the United States of America learn from Amos?

In Amos we find God asserting his authority over the nations.

In Amos we find a patient God threatening judgment on the nations for

3. God holds every nation accountable for repeated pattern of crimes

“For three crimes and four…I will not relent.”

Eight times in Amos, stretching from six pagan nations and two nations belonging to His people, God repeats this poetic formulation.

This is not a literal precise number of crimes, but connotes multiple crimes.

Not isolated, but repeated.

Habitual.

Over long periods of time.

What can the United States of America learn from Amos?

2. God holds every nation accountable for brutality

The slaughter described here is as cruel as if someone had taken an iron-toothed threshing machine used on grain threshing floors to free the grain for winnowing, and run it over helpless people instead.

The effect is imagistic, bringing to mind visions of a shamelessly brutal conquest.

3. God holds every nation accountable for dehumanizing commerce at the expense of weaker nations

Preying on the vulnerability of a weaker nation and gaining some economic advantages, by treating human beings as mere commodity.

"The Mosaic law required the death penalty for precisely this kind of kidnapping and selling into slavery (), and it was surely recognized internationally as a cruelty, no matter how frequently it may have been practiced in biblical times (cf.

I. Mendelsohn, Slavery in the Ancient Near East [New York: Oxford, 1949])."

Douglas Stuart, Hosea–Jonah, vol.

31, Word Biblical Commentary (Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 2002), 312.

4. God holds every nation accountable for dehumanizing commerce at the expense of weak friends

5. God holds every nation accountable for acting with a chip on their shoulder

For picking a fight.

A chip on one’s shoulder is a deeply ingrained grievance or feeling of resentment, often deriving from a sense of inferiority and marked by aggressive behavior [from an old custom of placing a chip of wood on one's shoulder as a challenge to a rival: if the rival knocked the chip off they were agreeing to fight.]

6. God holds every nation accountable for lack of mercy

Carrying Damascus’ atrocities to the extreme!

7. God holds every nation accountable for vindictiveness

Amos

8. God holds every nation accountable for disobedience to God’s explicit commands

Amos 2:

What are some of these crimes?

Business exploitation of innocent and poor

Lack of legal justice for society’s oppressed

Rampant sexual immorality

Religious people enjoying the gains of oppression in their places of worship

Ignoring and rejecting those sent to keep society’s moral compass so that they abandon their high calling

Conclusion

O say, can you see

By the dawn’s early lights

What so proudly we hailed

At the twilight’s last gleaming

Whose broad stripes and bright stars

Through the perilous fights

O’er the ramparts we watched

O’er so galantly streaming

And the rockets red glare

The bombs bursting in air

Gave proof through the night

That our flag was still there

O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave

O’er the land of the free

And the home of the brave?

It remains to be seen.