Sovereignty of God - Removing Shortcomings

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The fact that God is free and able to do all that he wills; that he reigns over all creation and that his will is the final cause of all things. This is often expressed in the language of kingship.

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Jeremiah 18:1–6 ESV
1 The word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord: 2 “Arise, and go down to the potter’s house, and there I will let you hear my words.” 3 So I went down to the potter’s house, and there he was working at his wheel. 4 And the vessel he was making of clay was spoiled in the potter’s hand, and he reworked it into another vessel, as it seemed good to the potter to do. 5 Then the word of the Lord came to me: 6 “O house of Israel, can I not do with you as this potter has done? declares the Lord. Behold, like the clay in the potter’s hand, so are you in my hand, O house of Israel.

God is free to do all he wills

Psalm 135:6 ESV
6 Whatever the Lord pleases, he does, in heaven and on earth, in the seas and all deeps.
See also ; ; ;
Psalm 115:3 ESV
3 Our God is in the heavens; he does all that he pleases.
Isaiah 46:10 ESV
10 declaring the end from the beginning and from ancient times things not yet done, saying, ‘My counsel shall stand, and I will accomplish all my purpose,’
Daniel 4:35 ESV
35 all the inhabitants of the earth are accounted as nothing, and he does according to his will among the host of heaven and among the inhabitants of the earth; and none can stay his hand or say to him, “What have you done?”
Romans 9:19–21 ESV
19 You will say to me then, “Why does he still find fault? For who can resist his will?” 20 But who are you, O man, to answer back to God? Will what is molded say to its molder, “Why have you made me like this?” 21 Has the potter no right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for honorable use and another for dishonorable use?

God is able to do whatever he wills

Gabriel speaking to Mary.
Luke 1:37 ESV
37 For nothing will be impossible with God.”
See also ; ;
Job 42:2 ESV
2 “I know that you can do all things, and that no purpose of yours can be thwarted.
Matthew 19:26 ESV
26 But Jesus looked at them and said, “With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”
Ephesians 3:20 ESV
20 Now to him who is able to do far more abundantly than all that we ask or think, according to the power at work within us,

God cannot be successfully opposed

From Job’s prayer of submission and repentance.
Job 42:2 ESV
2 “I know that you can do all things, and that no purpose of yours can be thwarted.
See also ; ; ; ; ; ;
1 Samuel 2:10 ESV
10 The adversaries of the Lord shall be broken to pieces; against them he will thunder in heaven. The Lord will judge the ends of the earth; he will give strength to his king and exalt the horn of his anointed.”
2 Chronicles 20:6 ESV
6 and said, “O Lord, God of our fathers, are you not God in heaven? You rule over all the kingdoms of the nations. In your hand are power and might, so that none is able to withstand you.
Job 9:12 ESV
12 Behold, he snatches away; who can turn him back? Who will say to him, ‘What are you doing?’
Ecclesiastes 7:13 ESV
13 Consider the work of God: who can make straight what he has made crooked?
Isaiah 43:13 ESV
13 Also henceforth I am he; there is none who can deliver from my hand; I work, and who can turn it back?”
Isaiah 45:9–10 ESV
9 “Woe to him who strives with him who formed him, a pot among earthen pots! Does the clay say to him who forms it, ‘What are you making?’ or ‘Your work has no handles’? 10 Woe to him who says to a father, ‘What are you begetting?’ or to a woman, ‘With what are you in labor?’ ”
Acts 5:39 ESV
39 but if it is of God, you will not be able to overthrow them. You might even be found opposing God!” So they took his advice,

God rules and reigns

He is King

Psalm 29:10 ESV
10 The Lord sits enthroned over the flood; the Lord sits enthroned as king forever.
See also ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
1 Chronicles 16:31 ESV
31 Let the heavens be glad, and let the earth rejoice, and let them say among the nations, “The Lord reigns!”
Psalm 47:2 ESV
2 For the Lord, the Most High, is to be feared, a great king over all the earth.
Isaiah 6:5 ESV
5 And I said: “Woe is me! For I am lost; for I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips; for my eyes have seen the King, the Lord of hosts!”
Isaiah 43:15 ESV
15 I am the Lord, your Holy One, the Creator of Israel, your King.”
Jeremiah 10:7 ESV
7 Who would not fear you, O King of the nations? For this is your due; for among all the wise ones of the nations and in all their kingdoms there is none like you.
Jeremiah 10:10 ESV
10 But the Lord is the true God; he is the living God and the everlasting King. At his wrath the earth quakes, and the nations cannot endure his indignation.
Zechariah 14:9 ESV
9 And the Lord will be king over all the earth. On that day the Lord will be one and his name one.
1 Timothy 1:17 ESV
17 To the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
1 Timothy 6:15 ESV
15 which he will display at the proper time—he who is the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of kings and Lord of lords,
Revelation 15:3 ESV
3 And they sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, “Great and amazing are your deeds, O Lord God the Almighty! Just and true are your ways, O King of the nations!
Revelation 19:6 ESV
6 Then I heard what seemed to be the voice of a great multitude, like the roar of many waters and like the sound of mighty peals of thunder, crying out, “Hallelujah! For the Lord our God the Almighty reigns.

He is Lord of heaven and earth

Deuteronomy 4:39 ESV
39 know therefore today, and lay it to your heart, that the Lord is God in heaven above and on the earth beneath; there is no other.
See also ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Genesis 24:3 ESV
3 that I may make you swear by the Lord, the God of heaven and God of the earth, that you will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell,
Deuteronomy 10:14 ESV
14 Behold, to the Lord your God belong heaven and the heaven of heavens, the earth with all that is in it.
Joshua 2:11 ESV
11 And as soon as we heard it, our hearts melted, and there was no spirit left in any man because of you, for the Lord your God, he is God in the heavens above and on the earth beneath.
1 Chronicles 29:11 ESV
11 Yours, O Lord, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is yours. Yours is the kingdom, O Lord, and you are exalted as head above all.
Nehemiah 9:6 ESV
6 “You are the Lord, you alone. You have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them; and you preserve all of them; and the host of heaven worships you.
Psalm 121:2 ESV
2 My help comes from the Lord, who made heaven and earth.
Psalm 134:3 ESV
3 May the Lord bless you from Zion, he who made heaven and earth!
Luke 10:21 ESV
21 In that same hour he rejoiced in the Holy Spirit and said, “I thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to little children; yes, Father, for such was your gracious will.
Acts 17:24 ESV
24 The God who made the world and everything in it, being Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by man,

His throne is a symbol of his sovereignty

; ; ; ;
Exodus 17:16 ESV
16 saying, “A hand upon the throne of the Lord! The Lord will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.”
Psalm 45:6 ESV
6 Your throne, O God, is forever and ever. The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness;
Psalm 93:2 ESV
2 Your throne is established from of old; you are from everlasting.
Psalm 123:1 ESV
1 To you I lift up my eyes, O you who are enthroned in the heavens!
Isaiah’s commission;
Isaiah 6:1 ESV
1 In the year that King Uzziah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up; and the train of his robe filled the temple.
; ; ; ; Daniel’s dream;
Isaiah 66:1 ESV
1 Thus says the Lord: “Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool; what is the house that you would build for me, and what is the place of my rest?
Jeremiah 49:38 ESV
38 and I will set my throne in Elam and destroy their king and officials, declares the Lord.
Lamentations 5:19 ESV
19 But you, O Lord, reign forever; your throne endures to all generations.
Ezekiel 1:26 ESV
26 And above the expanse over their heads there was the likeness of a throne, in appearance like sapphire; and seated above the likeness of a throne was a likeness with a human appearance.
Daniel 7:9 ESV
9 “As I looked, thrones were placed, and the Ancient of Days took his seat; his clothing was white as snow, and the hair of his head like pure wool; his throne was fiery flames; its wheels were burning fire.
; Jesus Christ teaches his disciples about things to come;
Matthew 5:34 ESV
34 But I say to you, Do not take an oath at all, either by heaven, for it is the throne of God,
Matthew 19:28 ESV
28 Jesus said to them, “Truly, I say to you, in the new world, when the Son of Man will sit on his glorious throne, you who have followed me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
; ; ; ; ;
Acts 7:49 ESV
49 “ ‘Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool. What kind of house will you build for me, says the Lord, or what is the place of my rest?
Hebrews 1:8 ESV
8 But of the Son he says, “Your throne, O God, is forever and ever, the scepter of uprightness is the scepter of your kingdom.
Hebrews 8:1 ESV
1 Now the point in what we are saying is this: we have such a high priest, one who is seated at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven,
Hebrews 12:2 ESV
2 looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.
Revelation 4:2 ESV
2 At once I was in the Spirit, and behold, a throne stood in heaven, with one seated on the throne.
Revelation 20:11 ESV
11 Then I saw a great white throne and him who was seated on it. From his presence earth and sky fled away, and no place was found for them.
Isaiah 6:1 ESV
1 In the year that King Uzziah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up; and the train of his robe filled the temple.

God’s sovereignty extends over all things

He is sovereign over creation

Revelation 4:11 ESV
11 “Worthy are you, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for you created all things, and by your will they existed and were created.”
See also ; ;
Psalm 93:1 ESV
1 The Lord reigns; he is robed in majesty; the Lord is robed; he has put on strength as his belt. Yes, the world is established; it shall never be moved.
Isaiah 40:22 ESV
22 It is he who sits above the circle of the earth, and its inhabitants are like grasshoppers; who stretches out the heavens like a curtain, and spreads them like a tent to dwell in;
Isaiah 41:18–19 ESV
18 I will open rivers on the bare heights, and fountains in the midst of the valleys. I will make the wilderness a pool of water, and the dry land springs of water. 19 I will put in the wilderness the cedar, the acacia, the myrtle, and the olive. I will set in the desert the cypress, the plane and the pine together,

He is sovereign over human life

Part of David’s prayer on the occasion of gifts being brought to the temple.
1 Chronicles 29:12 ESV
12 Both riches and honor come from you, and you rule over all. In your hand are power and might, and in your hand it is to make great and to give strength to all.
See also ; ; ;
2 Chronicles 25:8 ESV
8 But go, act, be strong for the battle. Why should you suppose that God will cast you down before the enemy? For God has power to help or to cast down.”
Luke 1:51–53 ESV
51 He has shown strength with his arm; he has scattered the proud in the thoughts of their hearts; 52 he has brought down the mighty from their thrones and exalted those of humble estate; 53 he has filled the hungry with good things, and the rich he has sent away empty.
Acts 18:21 ESV
21 But on taking leave of them he said, “I will return to you if God wills,” and he set sail from Ephesus.
James 4:15 ESV
15 Instead you ought to say, “If the Lord wills, we will live and do this or that.”

He is sovereign over the minutest details of life

Matthew 10:29–30 ESV
29 Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? And not one of them will fall to the ground apart from your Father. 30 But even the hairs of your head are all numbered.

He is sovereign in electing his people

Ephesians 1:11 ESV
11 In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,
See also ; ;
Romans 8:29 ESV
29 For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.
Romans 9:11 ESV
11 though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God’s purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—
Romans 9:18 ESV
18 So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.

He is sovereign in the life and salvation of his people

1 Corinthians 1:30 ESV
30 And because of him you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption,
See also ; ; ;
Jeremiah 18:6 ESV
6 “O house of Israel, can I not do with you as this potter has done? declares the Lord. Behold, like the clay in the potter’s hand, so are you in my hand, O house of Israel.
1 Corinthians 12:11 ESV
11 All these are empowered by one and the same Spirit, who apportions to each one individually as he wills.
Philippians 2:13 ESV
13 for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.
James 1:18 ESV
18 Of his own will he brought us forth by the word of truth, that we should be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures.

He is sovereign over the sufferings of believers

;
Philippians 1:29 ESV
29 For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake,
1 Peter 3:17 ESV
17 For it is better to suffer for doing good, if that should be God’s will, than for doing evil.

He is sovereign over world history

Proverbs 21:1 ESV
1 The king’s heart is a stream of water in the hand of the Lord; he turns it wherever he will.
See also ; ; ;
Exodus 9:16 ESV
16 But for this purpose I have raised you up, to show you my power, so that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth.
Psalm 22:28 ESV
28 For kingship belongs to the Lord, and he rules over the nations.
Jeremiah 18:7–10 ESV
7 If at any time I declare concerning a nation or a kingdom, that I will pluck up and break down and destroy it, 8 and if that nation, concerning which I have spoken, turns from its evil, I will relent of the disaster that I intended to do to it. 9 And if at any time I declare concerning a nation or a kingdom that I will build and plant it, 10 and if it does evil in my sight, not listening to my voice, then I will relent of the good that I had intended to do to it.
Daniel 4:35 ESV
35 all the inhabitants of the earth are accounted as nothing, and he does according to his will among the host of heaven and among the inhabitants of the earth; and none can stay his hand or say to him, “What have you done?”

God is sovereign over all other gods and over demonic forces

God is supreme over all gods

“gods” are part of the created order and subject to God’s sovereignty.
Psalm 95:3 ESV
3 For the Lord is a great God, and a great King above all gods.
See also ; ; ; ; ;
Exodus 18:11 ESV
11 Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods, because in this affair they dealt arrogantly with the people.”
Deuteronomy 10:17 ESV
17 For the Lord your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, the mighty, and the awesome God, who is not partial and takes no bribe.
1 Chronicles 16:26 ESV
26 For all the gods of the peoples are worthless idols, but the Lord made the heavens.
Psalm 96:5 ESV
5 For all the gods of the peoples are worthless idols, but the Lord made the heavens.
Daniel 2:47 ESV
47 The king answered and said to Daniel, “Truly, your God is God of gods and Lord of kings, and a revealer of mysteries, for you have been able to reveal this mystery.”
Colossians 1:16 ESV
16 For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things were created through him and for him.

Satan is defeated through God’s sovereign purposes at work in Jesus Christ

Colossians 2:15 ESV
15 He disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in him.
See also ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
John 12:31 ESV
31 Now is the judgment of this world; now will the ruler of this world be cast out.
Romans 16:20 ESV
20 The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.
2 Thessalonians 2:8 ESV
8 And then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord Jesus will kill with the breath of his mouth and bring to nothing by the appearance of his coming.
Hebrews 2:14 ESV
14 Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil,
2 Peter 2:4 ESV
4 For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment;
1 John 3:8 ESV
8 Whoever makes a practice of sinning is of the devil, for the devil has been sinning from the beginning. The reason the Son of God appeared was to destroy the works of the devil.
Jude 6 ESV
6 And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day—
Revelation 12:7–10 ESV
7 Now war arose in heaven, Michael and his angels fighting against the dragon. And the dragon and his angels fought back, 8 but he was defeated, and there was no longer any place for them in heaven. 9 And the great dragon was thrown down, that ancient serpent, who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world—he was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him. 10 And I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying, “Now the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God and the authority of his Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down, who accuses them day and night before our God.
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