Sermon Tone Analysis
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Tone of specific sentences
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1 Peter 1:18
… before the creation of the world
Titus 1:
… before the beginning of time
Creation of the World -
Creation of the World
In the NT the word is used 1. for the “foundation of the world,”1 in the phrase ἀπὸ (πρὸ) καταβολῆς κόσμου, often to denote time, Mt. 13:35; Lk. 11:50; Hb. 4:3; 9:26, but predominantly in the context of salvation history.
Thus ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου expresses the eternity of the divine plan of salvation, which was conceived before all ages and which is fulfilled in the last time, Mt. 25:34; Rev. 13:8; 17:8.
In the form πρὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου the phrase expresses the pretemporality of the divine action, Jn. 17:24 (love for the Son), 1 Pt.
1:20 (the election of the Son), Eph.
1:4 (the election of believers).
The Rabbis speak similarly of the divine foreordination from the beginning of creation.
2. In Hb. 11:11 δύναμιν εἰς καταβολὴν σπέρματος is used of the sexual function of the male.
Though his ability to procreate had failed (v.
12: νενεκρωμένου), Abraham received the power to do so through faith in God’s promise.
On the Jewish view, καταβολὴ σπέρματος can also be referred to the woman, but in this verse the context, and especially the continuation (v.
12: ἀφʼ ἑνός sc.
Abraham; νενεκρωμένου), forces us to take Abraham as the subject in v. 11.
An early corruption of the text seems to be responsible for καὶ αὐτὴ Σάρρα.
Westcott-Hort (Nestle) and Rgg.
Hb. conjecture αὐτῇ Σάρρᾳ, “in sexual intercourse with Sarah”; others regard καὶ αὐτὴ Σάρρα as a gloss.
Hauck
Before the foundation of the world (προ καταβολης κοσμου [pro katabolēs kosmou]).
This precise curious phrase occurs in John 17:24 in the Saviour’s mouth of his preincarnate state with the Father as here and in Eph.
1:4.
We have ἀπο καταβολης κοσμου [apo katabolēs kosmou] in Matt.
25:34 (κοσμου [kosmou] omitted in Matt.
13:35); Luke 11:50; Heb.
4:3; 9:26; Rev. 13:8; 17:8.
Καταβολη [Katabolē] (from καταβαλλω [kataballō]) was originally laying the foundation of a house (Heb.
6:1).
The preincarnate Messiah appears in the counsels of God also in 1 Cor.
2:7; Col. 1:26f.;
Eph.
1:9f.; 3:9–11; Rom.
16:25; 1 Tim.
1:9.
But was manifested (φανερωθεντος δε [phanerōthentos de]).
First aorist (ingressive) passive participle of φανεροω [phaneroō], referring to the Incarnation in contrast with the preexistence of Christ (cf.
John 1:31; 1 John 3:5, 8).
At the end of the times (ἐπʼ ἐσχατου των χρονων [ep’ eschatou tōn chronōn]).
Like ἐπʼ ἐσχατου των ἡμερων [ep’ eschatou tōn hēmerōn] (Heb.
1:2).
The plural χρονοι [chronoi], doubtless referring to successive periods in human history until the fullness of the time came (Gal.
4:4).
For your sake (δἰ ὑμας [di’ humās]).
Proof of God’s love, not of their desert or worth (Acts 17:30f.;
Heb.
11:39f.).
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