Covenant with Israel

Steve McKenzie

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INTRODUCTION

REVISED DEFINITION

God’s partnership with mankind to bring about his redemptive purpose (Promises and Commitments)

REVIEW

Noahic

Evil reigns, earth destroyed, sacrifice, promises - unilateral

Abrahamic

Evil built built tower of babel, God judged, unconditionally called one man, promised 1) Land, 2) People, 3) Kingdom

Mosaic

Tonight - Covenant Made with Israel through Moses.

TIMING

CRISIS OF BELIEF

Famine

Captivity in Egypt

REDEEMER

Moses & The Burning Bush

“I am the God of Abraham...” (Ex. 3:6)

“I will deliver them and establish my covenant with them” (Ex. 6:4)

EVENTS

10 Plagues, culminating with the death of every first-born and the Passover (Ex. 12)

Israel at Mount Sinai (Exodus 19:5-8)

Giving of the 10 Commandments, the Law, on tablets of stone.

RECIPIENT & SACRIFICE

NATION

Exodus 24:3-8

SACRIFICE

Israel promises to be a faithful covenant partner.

Israel wasn’t qualified to enter such a covenant with a holy God, since they were sinful and corrupt.

The sacrifice: 1) cleansed the altar and 2) the people.

Israel’s covenant fellowship with God was not based on on perfect obedience, since sacrifices would be offered for covenant violations. The covenant was sealed with a meal celebrated by Moses and the leading men in Israel (Ex. 24:9-11).

SYMBOL

SABBATH

Exodus 20

Exodus 31:13

Reasons:

Longest commandment

Centrality in the listing

Repeated (Exodus 31:13, 17) READ THIS!

TYPE

CONDITIONAL & TWO-WAY

BLESSINGS & CURSES

Leviticus 26

Deuteronomy 26 - 28

If Israel keeps the covenant stipulations, they will experience prosperity and joy, but if they violate them, then curses and judgement will follow.

PESSIMISM

Not granted the ability to understand (Deut. 29:4)

Curses are longer than the blessings

Curses are assumed (Deut 28:45)

JUDGEMENT & PROPHETS

The prophets brought ‘Covenant Lawsuits’ against the nation of Israel for violating their portion of the covenant stipulations.

Hosea 4:1-3 (controversy (ie. lawsuit) , stating of commandments, etc)

Micah 6 (mountains in indictment)

Jeremiah 11, Jeremiah 22:9 “ Because they have forsaken the covenant of the Lord their God and worshiped other gods and served them.”

Exile, lost

OPTIMISM

The Lord will again have mercy on Israel (the new covenant!), but before the restoration would come, exile and estrangement from the Lord. (Deut. 31:16-17)

PURPOSE & TEMPORARY TYPE

PURPOSE

Temporary supervisor to teach righteous standards and magnify sin until Christ comes.

Romans 5:20 ESV

Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more,

Galatians 3:19 ESV

Why then the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the offspring should come to whom the promise had been made, and it was put in place through angels by an intermediary.

Galatians 3:23 ESV

Now before faith came, we were held captive under the law, imprisoned until the coming faith would be revealed.

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