The Lord's Supper
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Luke 22:14-23
Main Points:
Jesus is the fulfillment of the Passover
Through communion we draw closer to Christ
In Christ I have fellowship with the saints.
Jesus here meets with His disciples to perform the Seder. A traditional Jewish meal eaten at passover to remember the time when God had delivered them from their bondage of slavery under Pharaoh.
In this meal, Jesus does the unthinkable. He changes the order of the service and by doing so changes it’s meaning. He could do this becasue He is God, the giver of the original passover.
1st Cup of Wine
1st Cup of Wine
v.17-18
In the seder there were 4 cups that they would drink.
In the Seder meal this first cup was the cup of sanctification.
Traditionally it was to remember that they were to be cleansed of yeast.
Jesus is changing the meaning of it.
We are to be cleansed of sin. This only takes place when our sins have been atoned for by Jesus.
The Bread
The Bread
v.19
This part of the seder is called the Yachatz.
Jesus took three pieces of matzah, He then removed the middle one and broke it.
While stating, “this is my body given for you.”
Wrapping one half called the Afikoman, this would have been hidden. Then later at the very end of the meal, the Afikoman would come back. It was the desert at the end of the meal.
Jesus states that this matzah, it symbolizes Him.
This is pointing back to John 6:41 when Jesus states that He is the bread that has come down from heaven.
41 So the Jews grumbled about him, because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.”
That points us back to the manna.
John 6:48-51
48 I am the bread of life.
49 Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died.
50 This is the bread that comes down from heaven, so that one may eat of it and not die.
51 I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever. And the bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.”
Just as the manna gave life to the Israelites as they wandered in the desert, so the Son of man has come down to give life. Not by physical sustenance, but by spiritual sustenance.
Just as the bread that they were eating was without leaven (symbolic of yeast).
The bread of heaven, Jesus Himself was one without sin.
The during the seder was broken.
The bread of heaven, was broken for us.
The Afikoman was the broken piece of bread, that went away for a time and returns at the end.
Jesus our bread of heaven was broken for us. He is no longer physically present but has ascended to the right hand of the father, and someday soon He will return to bring us to be with Him.
That is all that believe in Him.
Jesus gave his life to provide life to all.
Not in cannibalism where we actually eat Him, but this describes the intimacy of the union between Christ and the believer.
The description of eating His flesh and His body being broken is all to describe the sacrificial death that He will die, as a lamb, for our sins.
v.20
3rd Cup of Wine
3rd Cup of Wine
The 3rd cup was drank after supper and after the afikomen.
This cup is the cup of redemption.
This cup traditionally had always been used to symbolize the blood of the passover lamb, that saved the Israelites from death.
Jesus takes the cup of redemption and says, this cup, is the new covenant in my blood, and to remember Him when we drink it.
The redemption that had been purchased for them by the passover lamb, was a foreshadow, pointing to how we have now been purchased by Jesus Christ.
Every covenant has a sign that accompanies them.
Noahic covenant, the rainbow
Abrahamic covenant, circumcision
Mosaic covenant, the ark
The new covenant, the bread, and the cup.
The cup of redemption, remembering that we have been bought back from sin and death.
Not by the blood of goats or sheep, not by good works, but by the precious blood of Jesus Christ.
His sacrifice is what we remember with the symbol of the New Covenant as we drink the cup.
Koinonia
Koinonia
When we come together for the Lord’s supper, we generally call this communion.
Communion comes from the Greek word Koinonia which means: Communion, fellowship, participation.
1 Corinthians 10:16-17
16 The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?
17 Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.
v.16
Participation in the blood & body
Paul speaks of us participating in the blood of Christ.
This doesn’t mean that it turns into His literal blood.
Since it means a participation, this means this is an intimate act, one that Christ is present with us while we are participating.
Christ is ever present, He is omnipresent.
However His presence should be something that we take notice of especially at the time of communion.
While we participate in the blood, it is a reminder of the third cup. The cup of redemption.
It is a reminder that we are redeemed by His sacrifice.
v.17
Participation in the body
Once again, the nearness of Jesus in the act of communion.
Even more, the participation in the body reminds us that we are one body in Christ.
When we take communion, it is to draw us closer to God, and also closer to each other.
1 John 4:7-8
7 Beloved, let us love one another, for love is from God, and whoever loves has been born of God and knows God.
8 Anyone who does not love does not know God, because God is love.
God calls us to love one another.
John 17:20-21
20 “I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,
21 that they may all be one, just as you, Father, are in me, and I in you, that they also may be in us, so that the world may believe that you have sent me.
Jesus prays that our love for one another will make us one.
One mind for we have one head, that is Jesus. We are to be plugged into Christ that our worldview and the way we make decisions is through a biblical lens.
One Spirit, the Holy spirit which directs our steps.
One body, we have all partaken of Christ, have Koinonia with Christ. Therefore we should be moving and striving together for the sake of the gospel to the glory of God.
That by loving each other, having fellowship with one another. We might show His glory to this world, and that they will believe in Jesus.....becasue of our love.
Communion should draw us closer to Christ.
In Christ, we have fellowship with one another.