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Paul uses flesh and body differently
flesh and blood-mortal bodies, clothed with after the fall, talking about our mortality, we became enslaved to death
when the serpent is cursed, crawl on your belly and eat dust- ancient people knew snakes don’t eat dust- dust is the same word used for adam, the curse on adam, dust of the earth- refers to human mortality- that’s the dust the serpent eats- why iconography depicts death as a mouth- gaping maw
one who has the power of death- why Jesus had to die- we had become mortal, Christ grants us immortality by defeating the one who had the power of death
the devil wanted to make himself God but got thrown down to the underworld- Jesus defeated him and took even that away
Jesus becomes human so he can die so he can defeat death and set us free from death
the fear of death shapes and twists our whole life- death comes first and produces sin- Cain is the archetypal sinner- Adam commits a transgression, the word sin isn’t used there- Cain sins when he kills Abel
because we’re going to die and we’re afraid of it, we do all kinds of bad things to try to postpone our deaths and ward it off
one of the first stories humans have, The Epic of Gilgamesh- he’s on a quest for immortality
Jesus defeated death by not being afraid or avoiding death-
verse 17- shifts to talking about priesthood
Jesus suffered when he was tested- precious metals are purified by being put through fire to remove impurities- he wasn’t tempted to sin
propitiation does not mean satisfying God’s wrath-
the greek word is never used by pagans to describe sacrifices
to make happy- the element that pleases God or makes him happy- OT talks about sacrifices being pleasing to God often- the aroma of the smoke or incense- doesn’t mean he was angry
previous imagery was Christ presenting us to the Father as his children, brethren
Sacrifices weren’t about killing things, they were about hospitality
Chapter 3
Being partakers of Christ- participation, union with Christ
Faith is a consistent theme in Hebrews- apisteo- best translated faithfulness- part of the time translated belief/unbelief by Protestant translators- doesn’t make sense in the context- should always be related to concepts of faithfulness
Ch 4
When God rests- 7th day of creation- doesn’t mean relaxing - it refers to God being seated on his throne, being enthroned over his creation
entering God’s rest means coming into his kingdom, into his rule
it’s talking about having a particular relationship with the Father
v. 2- those who are faithful need to unite themselves with others who are faithful
we read our modern individualism into the text but the text is addressed to ‘us’ ‘we’
God’s rest, his kingdom, was established at the foundation of the world
Ch 5
the way to build community is through hospitality- between people or between people and their god
gifts- when the relationship is good
sacrifices for sins- sometimes you’re offering hospitality because something has gone wrong- peace offering- to restore relationship- propitiation- to make someone happy
sin is about doing actual damage to yourself or other people