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Intro
Review
In this lecture
What is Canon
Who determines canonicity
Recogniiton of canonicity
Development of O.T. canon
Development oif N.T. canon
What is “canon”
Literal meaning
7070.
קָנֶה qâneh, kaw-neh´; from 7069; a reed (as erect); by resemblance a rod (espec.
for measuring), shaft, tube, stem, the radius (of the arm), beam (of a steelyard):—balance, bone, branch, calamus, cane, reed, × spearman, stalk.
Ezekiel 42.16 “16 He measured the east side with the measuring rod, five hundred rods by the measuring rod all around.”
Gen 41.5 “5 He slept and dreamed a second time; and suddenly seven heads of grain came up on one stalk, plump and good.”
The Jews did not use the word to mean Scripture.
2583.
κανών kanōn, kan-ohn´; from κάνη kanē (a straight reed, i.e. rod); a rule (“canon”), i e. (fig.) a standard (of faith and practice); by impl.
a boundary, i.e. (fig.) a sphere (of activity):—line, rule.
translated “sphere” a field or range of influence, area of activity
translated “rule” - a standard, measure of assessment
Theological use
Irenaeus was first to use the word to refer to the “Kanon of Christian teaching”, also called -
the Kanon of the church
the Kanon of the church
the Kanon of the truth
the Kanon of faith
Athanasius, in around 350 A.D., was first to apply the word Kanon to the Bible
Canonicity Determined
The key is Jesus Christ
In a real sense, Christ is the key to the inspiration and canonization of the Scriptures.
It was He who confirmed the inspiration of the Hebrew canon of the Old Testament; and it was He who promised that the Holy Spirit would direct the apostles into all truth.
He confirmed the inspiration of the O.T. books
He promised the giving of the H.S. to guide the apostles into all truth
Wrong concepts on canonicity
Age determines canonicity - if it is ancient, it hsould be venerated and prized
However -
many ancient books are not in the canon
many young books were placed in the canon
Hebrews language determines canonicity
However -
many Hebrew books are not in the canon
Some books in the canon are not totally written in Hebrews
Agreement with the Torah determines canonicity -
However -
many books that did agree with the Torah are not in the canon
Religious value determines canonicity
same as above
Religious community determines canonicity - it was canonical if it was collected and preserved by the community of believers / church
Objections
a book is not the Word of God because it is accepted by the people of God.
Rather, it is accepted by the people of God BECAUSE it is the Word of God.
This view shifts the “focus of authority” from God to man, making man the source of divine authority.
Comparison of Incorrect and Correct Views
Incorrect -> Correct
the church is the determiner of Canon
The Church is discoverer of Canon
the church is the Mother of Canon
the church is the child of Canon
the Church is Magistrate of Canon
the church is Recognizer of Canon
the church is Jusge of Canon
the Church is Witness of Canon
the Church is Master of Canon
the Church is Servant of Canon
The Right View of Canonicity
Canonicity is determined by God.
Precisely speaking, canonicity is determined by God.
In other words, the reason there are only sixty-six books in the canon is that God inspired only that many.
Only sixty-six books were found to have the stamp of divine authority, because God only stamped that many, or invested that number with authority for faith and practice.
Canonicity is recognized by men of God.
As J. I. Packer notes, “The Church no more gave us the New Testament canon than Sir Isaac Newton gave us the force of gravity.
God gave us gravity, by His work of creation, and similarly He gave us the New Testament canon, by inspiring the individual books that make it up.”
A book is valuable because it is canonical.
a book is found valuable because it is determined to be canonical by God.
A book is canonical because it is inspired.
When the Word of God was written it became Scripture and, inasmuch as it had been spoken by God, possessed absolute authority.
Since it was the Word of God, it was canonical.
That which determines the canonicity of a book, therefore, is the fact that the book is inspired by God.
Hence a distinction is properly made between the authority which the Old Testament possesses as divinely inspired, and the recognition of that authority on the part of Israel.
The Distinctive mark of Canonical Books
Inspiration determines canonicity
A book is canonical if it is prophetic, it was written by a prophet of God, or apostle of Jesus Christ, or it bears the apostolic authority.
it is written by a prophet of God, or an apostle of Jesus Christ, or bears the prophetic or apostolic mark
the Word of the LORD came to the prophet
God spoke
the LORD said
Thus says the LORD
In short, a prophet was one who declared what God had disclosed to him.
Thus, only the prophetic writings were canonic.
Anything not written by a spokesman of God was not part of the Word of God.
in the N.T. - authors were apostles and associates
Matthew was an apostle
Mark and Luke were part of the apostolic team of missionaries
John was an apostle and prophet
Paul was an apostle
Peter was an apostle
James was a leader in the apostolic church in Jerusalem
Jude wrote prophetically
The Writer was confirmed by acts of God
their ministry was vindicated by miracles, signs and wonders
The message tells the truth of God
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